Part IV · The fix · Page 2 of 5
Making a plotting sheet
Ocean charts are too small a scale to plot sights on, so navigators use a universal plotting sheet: a blank grid you label for your own latitude. The parallels are printed; you draw the meridians, closer together the further you are from the equator.
- Mid-latitude of the sheet
- 40°
- 1° of longitude, as a share of 1° of latitude
- cos 40° = 0.77
- So 1° of longitude here is
- 46.0 nm
Measure distances on the latitude scale (the side of the sheet), never on the longitude scale. Near the equator the sheet is nearly square; at 60° the meridians are half as far apart.
- Label the middle parallel with the whole degree of latitude nearest the DR; the parallels above and below are one degree more and less.
- Draw a line from the center of the compass rose at your latitude above the horizontal.
- Where it meets the rose, draw a meridian. Its distance from the center meridian is one degree of longitude; repeat outward.
- Label the meridians: in west longitude the numbers increase to the left.
The app's practice sheets are drawn this way for the latitude of each problem.